Advances in the Study of Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis: A Comprehensive Review

Dig Dis. 2022;40(4):468-478. doi: 10.1159/000520025. Epub 2021 Oct 15.

Abstract

Background: Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is characterized by acute necrotizing inflammation with no calculi and is diagnosed based on imaging, intraoperative, and pathological examinations.

Key message: Although AAC has been studied clinically for a long time, it remains difficult to diagnose and treat. The pathogenesis of AAC is still not fully understood, and it is often regarded as a relatively independent clinical disease that is different from acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC). Pathological studies suggest that AAC is the manifestation of a critical systemic disease, while ACC is a local disease of the gallbladder.

Summary: Concerning the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of AAC, we reviewed the research progress of AAC, which will enhance the understanding of the early diagnosis and treatment of AAC.

Keywords: Acute acalculous cholecystitis; Critical illness; Decompression treatment; Ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acalculous Cholecystitis* / diagnostic imaging
  • Acalculous Cholecystitis* / etiology
  • Acute Disease
  • Cholecystitis, Acute* / diagnostic imaging
  • Cholecystitis, Acute* / etiology
  • Humans