High-quality milk exosomes as oral drug delivery system

Jie Zhong; Bozhang Xia; Shaobo Shan; Aiping Zheng; Shouwen Zhang; Junge Chen; Xing-Jie Liang

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121126

High-quality milk exosomes as oral drug delivery system

Biomaterials. 2021 Oct:277:121126. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121126. Epub 2021 Sep 9.

Authors

Jie Zhong¹, Bozhang Xia¹, Shaobo Shan², Aiping Zheng³, Shouwen Zhang⁴, Junge Chen⁵, Xing-Jie Liang⁶

Affiliations

¹ CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
² Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
³ Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.
⁴ Neurophysiology Department, Beijing ChaoYang Emergency Medical Center, Beijing, 100122, China.
⁵ Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China. Electronic address: chenjg19@buaa.edu.cn.
⁶ CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. Electronic address: liangxj@nanoctr.cn.

PMID: 34544033
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121126

Abstract

Many drugs must be administered intravenously instead of oral administration due to their poor oral bioavailability. The cost of repeated infusion treatment for 6 weeks every year is as high as tens of billions of dollars worldwide. Exosomes are nano-sized (30-150 nm) extracellular vesicles secreted by mammalian cells due to environmental stimulation or self-activation. Milk contains abundant exosomes originated from multiple cellular sources. It has been proved that milk exosomes (MEs) could survive with the strongly acidic conditions in the stomach and degradative conditions in the gut. Furthermore, they can cross biological barriers to reach targeted tissues. The ability of MEs to cross the gastrointestinal barrier makes them as a promising drug delivery tool for oral delivery. This review is devoted to the purification of MEs, their biocompatibility and immunogenicity, and prospects for their use as natural drug carriers for oral administration.

Keywords: Biocompatibility; Gastrointestinal barrier; Industrialized production; Milk exosomes; Natural drug carriers; Oral administration.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Administration, Oral
Animals
Drug Carriers
Drug Delivery Systems
Exosomes*
Milk

Substances

Drug Carriers