Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Workers in Northern Italy

Ann Work Expo Health. 2022 Feb 18;66(2):224-232. doi: 10.1093/annweh/wxab062.

Abstract

Background: The spread of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among active workers is poor known. The aim of our study was to evaluate the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) among a convenience sample of workers and to identify high-risk job sectors during the first pandemic way.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among workers tested for SARS-CoV-2 between 28 March and 7 August 2020, recorded by a private healthcare center located in North-West Italy. Association among seroprevalence and demographic and occupational variables was evaluated using chi square test and the seroprevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

Results: We collected the results for 23568 serological tests from a sample of 22708 workers from about 1000 companies. Median age was 45 years and about 60% of subjects were male. The overall seroprevalence was 4.97% [95%CI 4.69-5.25]. No statistical difference was found among gender while seroprevalence was associated with subjects' age, geographical location, and occupational sector. Significantly higher values of positivity were observed for the logistics sector (31.3%), weaving factory (12.6%), nursing homes (9.8%), and chemical industry (6.9%) workers. However, we observed some clusters of cases in single companies independently from the sector.Then, a detailed focus on 940 food workers shown a seroprevalence of 5.21% [95%CI 3.79-6.63] and subjects who self-reported COVID-19 symptoms and who worked during lockdown had a higher probability of being infected (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Data obtained might be useful for future public health decision; more than occupation sector, it seems that failure on prevention system in single companies increase the SARS-CoV-2 transmission.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; seroprevalence; workers.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19*
  • Communicable Disease Control
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Health Personnel
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Occupational Exposure*
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral