Abrupt termination of the 2019/20 influenza season following preventive measures against COVID-19 in Denmark, Norway and Sweden

Euro Surveill. 2021 Jun;26(22):2001160. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.22.2001160.

Abstract

BackgroundIn mid-March 2020, a range of public health and social measures (PHSM) against the then new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were implemented in Denmark, Norway and Sweden.AimWe analysed the development of influenza cases during the implementation of PHSM against SARS-CoV-2 in the Scandinavian countries.MethodBased on the established national laboratory surveillance of influenza, we compared the number of human influenza cases in the weeks immediately before and after the implementation of SARS-CoV-2 PHSM by country. The 2019/20 influenza season was compared with the five previous seasons.ResultsA dramatic reduction in influenza cases was seen in all three countries, with only a 3- to 6-week duration from the peak of weekly influenza cases until the percentage dropped below 1%. In contrast, in the previous nine influenza seasons, the decline from the seasonal peak to below 1% of influenza-positive samples took more than 10 weeks.ConclusionsThe PHSM against SARS-CoV-2 were followed by a dramatic reduction in influenza cases, indicating a wider public health effect of the implemented measures.

Keywords: COVID-19; Scandinavian countries; impact preventive measures; influenza.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Denmark / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Influenza, Human* / epidemiology
  • Influenza, Human* / prevention & control
  • Norway / epidemiology
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Scandinavian and Nordic Countries
  • Seasons
  • Sweden / epidemiology