Prognostic Outcomes of Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Breast

J Surg Res. 2021 Aug:264:138-148. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.02.020. Epub 2021 Apr 3.

Abstract

Background: Signet ring cell breast carcinoma (SRCBC) is a rare variant of invasive lobular carcinoma and there are no large series characterizing its long-term prognosis.

Materials and methods: The NCDB was queried from 2004-2016 to identify SRCBC patients. Patients were excluded if they had non-invasive tumors, multiple malignancies, or incomplete surgical data. Univariate analysis was performed utilizing chi-squared and Fischer's Exact tests. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models were used for survival analysis.

Results: 324 patients met inclusion criteria. Patients were mostly White (75.3%), ≥50 years of age (88.2%), female (98.5%), and had a low Charlson-Deyo score (82.7%). 34.5% had Stage IV disease and 78.1% had ER+ tumors. In patients with non-Stage IV disease, 91.5% received surgery: 49.5% had lumpectomy and 50.5% underwent mastectomy. Radiation therapy was used in 40.7% (71.4% with lumpectomy and 35.8% with mastectomy) and 50% received chemotherapy. Significant differences in unadjusted overall survival were seen at 5 and 10 years based on stage (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, ER+ patients showed an improved survival (HR 0.5, P < 0.01) but there was no difference in survival if ER+ patients received endocrine therapy (ET) (HR 0.9, P = 0.57). Non-metastatic patients who underwent surgery had improved overall survival compared to those that did not (HR 0.5, P = 0.02), but there was no survival difference based upon type of breast operation (P = 0.8).

Conclusion: SRCBC frequently presents at an advanced stage. While ER+ patients appear to have improved survival, there was no clear survival benefit to receiving ET in ER+ patients.

Keywords: Breast cancer; Endocrine therapy; Lumpectomy; Mastectomy; Signet ring cell.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / therapeutic use*
  • Breast / pathology
  • Breast / surgery
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Breast Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms / therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms, Male / diagnosis
  • Breast Neoplasms, Male / mortality*
  • Breast Neoplasms, Male / pathology
  • Breast Neoplasms, Male / therapy
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / mortality*
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell / therapy
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / methods
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Mastectomy / statistics & numerical data*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prognosis
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / statistics & numerical data
  • Receptors, Estrogen / analysis
  • Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • United States / epidemiology

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
  • Receptors, Estrogen