Managing adult patients with infectious diseases in emergency departments: international ID-IRI study

J Chemother. 2021 Sep;33(5):302-318. doi: 10.1080/1120009X.2020.1863696. Epub 2021 Mar 18.

Abstract

We aimed to explore factors for optimizing antimicrobial treatment in emergency departments. A single-day point prevalence survey was conducted on January 18, 2020, in 53 referral/tertiary hospitals in 22 countries. 1957 (17%) of 11557 patients presenting to EDs had infections. The mean qSOFA score was 0.37 ± 0.74. Sepsis (qSOFA ≥ 2) was recorded in 218 (11.1%) patients. The mean qSOFA score was significantly higher in low-middle (1.48 ± 0.963) compared to upper-middle (0.17 ± 0.482) and high-income (0.36 ± 0.714) countries (P < 0.001). Eight (3.7%) patients with sepsis were treated as outpatients. The most common diagnoses were upper-respiratory (n = 877, 43.3%), lower-respiratory (n = 316, 16.1%), and lower-urinary (n = 201, 10.3%) infections. 1085 (55.4%) patients received antibiotics. The most-commonly used antibiotics were beta-lactam (BL) and BL inhibitors (n = 307, 15.7%), third-generation cephalosporins (n = 251, 12.8%), and quinolones (n = 204, 10.5%). Irrational antibiotic use and inappropriate hospitalization decisions seemed possible. Patients were more septic in countries with limited resources. Hence, a better organizational scheme is required.

Keywords: Emergency; antibiotic; elderly; infection; sepsis; treatment.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Communicable Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Communicable Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Communicable Diseases / pathology
  • Developing Countries / statistics & numerical data
  • Drug Utilization / statistics & numerical data*
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data*
  • Global Health
  • Humans
  • Organ Dysfunction Scores
  • Patient Acuity
  • Practice Patterns, Physicians'
  • Respiratory Tract Infections / drug therapy
  • Respiratory Tract Infections / epidemiology
  • Sepsis / epidemiology
  • Urologic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Urologic Neoplasms / epidemiology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents