Assessment of commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays, Jamaica

Int J Infect Dis. 2021 Apr:105:333-336. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.059. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Abstract

Background: The performance of the Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2, Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgM, Abbott Architect SARS-CoV-2 IgG, Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgA, Euroimmun SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA, and Trillium IgG/IgM rapid assays was evaluated in Jamaica.

Methods: Diagnostic sensitivities of the assays were assessed by testing serum samples from SARS-CoV-2 PCR-confirmed persons and diagnostic specificity was assessed by testing serum samples collected during 2018-2019 from healthy persons and from persons with antibodies to a wide range of viral infections.

Results: Serum samples collected ≥14 days after onset of symptoms, or an initial SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive test for asymptomatics, showed diagnostic sensitivities ranging from 67.9 to 75.0% when including all possible disease severities and increased to 90.0-95.0% when examining those with moderate to critical disease. Grouping moderate to critical disease showed a significant association with a SARS-CoV-2 antibody positive result for all assays. Diagnostic specificity ranged from 96.7 to 100.0%. For all assays examined, SARS-CoV-2 real-time PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values of the initial nasopharyngeal swab sample testing positive were significantly different for samples testing antibody positive versus negative.

Conclusions: These data from a predominantly African descent Caribbean population show comparable diagnostic sensitivities and specificities for all testing platforms assessed and limited utility of these tests for persons with asymptomatic and mild infections.

Keywords: Antibody; COVID-19; Caribbean; Jamaica; SARS-CoV-2; Serology.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Viral / blood*
  • COVID-19 / blood
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis*
  • COVID-19 / immunology
  • COVID-19 Serological Testing / methods*
  • Caribbean Region
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin A / blood
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Immunoglobulin M / blood
  • Jamaica
  • SARS-CoV-2 / immunology*
  • SARS-CoV-2 / isolation & purification
  • Sensitivity and Specificity

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin M