Plasma β-secretase1 concentrations correlate with basal forebrain atrophy and neurodegeneration in cognitively healthy individuals at risk for AD

Alzheimers Dement. 2021 Apr;17(4):629-640. doi: 10.1002/alz.12228. Epub 2021 Feb 1.

Abstract

Background: Increased β-secretase 1 (BACE1) protein concentration, in body fluids, is a candidate biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD).We reported that plasma BACE1 protein concentrations are associated with the levels of brain amyloidβ (Αβ) accumulation in cognitively healthy individuals with subjective memory complaint (SMC).

Methods: In 302 individuals from the same cohort, we investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between plasma BACE1 protein concentrations and AD biomarkers of neurodegeneration (plasma t-tau and Neurofilament light chain (NfL), fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), brain volumes in the basal forebrain [BF], hippocampus, and entorhinal cortex).

Results: We report a positive longitudinal correlation of BACE1 with both NfL and t-tau, as well as a correlation between annual BACE1 changes and bi-annual reduction of BF volume. We show a positive association between BACE1 and FDG-PET signal at baseline.

Conclusions: The association between plasma BACE1 protein concentrations and BF atrophy we found in cognitively healthy individuals with SMC corroborates translational studies, suggesting a role of BACE1 in neurodegeneration.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; BACE1; axonal damage; basal forebrain; neurodegeneration; preclinical.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / blood
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / metabolism*
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism
  • Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases* / blood
  • Atrophy*
  • Basal Forebrain / metabolism*
  • Biomarkers
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • France
  • Healthy Volunteers*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Memory Disorders

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Biomarkers
  • Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
  • Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases
  • BACE1 protein, human