A Rare Case of Synchronous Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma with a Lung Mass: A Diagnostic and Management Dilemma

Abstract

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma has presented an increasing burden globally, with the occurrence of metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma being a relatively rare event but presenting with significant challenges in management, and a paucity of treatment options. Waldenström's macroglobulinemia is similarly an infrequent diagnosis. We present a rare case of a synchronous diagnosis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia with an associated lung mass with squamous differentiation. The considered origin of the lung mass was either metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma or a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, representing a third primary malignancy. The report highlights complexities in diagnosis and management, particularly in a patient with multiple synchronous malignancies. It further emphasizes the need for expanded global availability of specific therapies, including PD-1 inhibitors.

Keywords: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma; Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung; Synchronous cancer; Waldenström's macroglobulinemia.