Deprescribing anticholinergic medication in the community mental health setting: A quality improvement initiative

Abstract

Background: Chronic anticholinergic medication (ACM) prescribing with antipsychotics when no longer clinically indicated can lead to serious side effects and adversely impact patient quality of life.

Objectives: Through modifications of previously described deprescribing strategies undertaken in an academic, schizophrenia clinic, this quality improvement (QI) project aimed to bolster ACM deprescription where clinically appropriate among patients with schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders at a community mental health center.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team involving clinical pharmacists and psychiatrists created web streaming video medical education accredited modules, supplemented by small groups sessions and case consultations, and provided these to psychiatrists and nurse practitioners at a community mental health center over a one-year period. Electronic medical record reports were also generated, highlighting patients who were receiving one of two ACM used in the clinic: benztropine and/or trihexyphenidyl; these were periodically distributed to support appropriate deprescription. Patient education infographic material focused on ACM were also created and deployed.

Results: One hundred and twenty-six patients were identified as receiving benztropine or trihexyphenidyl in March 2019. One hundred and six (84%) were on one or both of these medications for at least six months. The mean (±SD) age of the study sample was 53.4 (±12.6) years; a third of the sample was over 60 years. Thirty-seven patients, or 29.4%, had their ACM discontinued or the dosage reduced. Deprescription was not associated with age, sex, race, or diagnosis. Deprescription was not associated with antipsychotic polypharmacy, first versus second generation, or oral versus long acting preparation.

Conclusions: These results suggest that deprescription of ACM in a community mental health center can occur with prescriber education and support. However, results from previous stages of this QI project, where much higher rates of deprescription were demonstrated, indicate the important benefit of more direct clinical pharmacist support and involvement in the process.

Keywords: Anticholinergic medications; Antipsychotic; Deprescription; Schizophrenia.