Objective: To study the effect of DuzhongButiansu Capsules (DBC) on adenine-induced reproductive dysfunction (RD) in male rats.
Methods: Eighty male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups, blank control (n = 8), solvent control (n = 8), RD model control (n = 16), Shengjing Capsules (SJC) (n = 16), low-dose DBC (n = 16) and high-dose DBC (n = 16). The RD model was made by intragastric administration of adenine at 200 mg/kg/d for 5 successive weeks in the latter four groups of animals, and in the meantime the rats in the latter three groups were treated intragastrically with SJC at 0.560 mg/kg/d and DBC at 0.242 and 0.968 mg/kg/d, respectively. At the end of the fourth week, all the rats were mated with female ones in a 1:1 ratio for 7 days. Then the male rats were killed and the right epididymides collected for detection of sperm concentration and motility, and the female ones sacrificed after fed for another 2 weeks and the numbers of pregnancies and fetal rats were recorded. The heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, thymus, testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle were harvested for obtainment of the visceral coefficients and semen parameters, observation of the histopathological changes in the testis, epididymis and kidneys by HE staining, measurement of the levels of serum T, E2, FSH and LH by ELISA, detection of the contents of serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and determination of the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 proteins in the renal tissue by immunohistochemistry.
Results: No statistically significant difference was observed between the blank control and solvent control groups in any of the indexes obtained (P > 0.05).Compared with the blank controls, the rats in the RD model control group showed significantly decreased sperm concentration (［40.67 ± 7.37］vs ［27.10 ± 2.72］ ×10⁶/ml, P < 0.01), sperm motility (［54.75 ± 3.92］%vs ［25.60 ± 4.83］%, P < 0.01) and pregnancy rate (85.7% vs 43.8%, P < 0.01). The rats in thelow- and high-dose DBCgroups exhibited remarkable increases in sperm concentration (［53.00 ± 4.55］% and ［65.63 ± 12.47］% ×10⁶/ml, P < 0.01) and sperm motility (［53.50 ± 8.83］% and ［54.33 ± 7.92］ %, P < 0.01), and so did those in the high-dose DBC group in pregnancy rate (54.5%, P < 0.01).After medication, the animals showed markedly increased body weight and visceral coefficients of the testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), recovered morphology of the testis, epididymis and kidneys, reduced levels of Scr, BUN, FSH, LH and MDA in the serum (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), increased contents of T, SOD and GSH-PX (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), down-regulated expressions of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 and up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 in the renal tissue (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
Conclusions: DBC can improve adenine-induced reproductive dysfunction in male rats, which may be attributed to its effects of inhibiting the apoptosis of proteins, improving oxidative stress and elevating the levels of reproductive hormones.
Keywords: adenine; chronic kidney failure; dyszoospermia; kidney-yang deficiency; protein pathway; rat; reproductive dysfunction; DuzhongButiansu Capsules.