Age, pre-arrest neurological condition, and functional status as outcome predictors in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: Secondary analysis of the Jerusalem Cohort Study data

Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2021 Mar-Apr:93:104317. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104317. Epub 2020 Dec 2.

Abstract

Purpose: Investigate the relation between age, baseline neurological and functional status, and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

Methods: Data analysis from the Jerusalem District Resuscitation Study. Patients >80 years and those 18-80 years with OHCA from 4/2005-12/2010 were compared.

Primary outcome: survival at four time points; secondary outcomes: neurological and functional status at hospital discharge, and relationship between survival, age and pre-arrest activities of daily living (ADL) and Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scores (higher scores indicate worse function in both).

Results: 3,211 patients (1,259 >80 years, 1952 aged 18-80) with median follow-up 5.9 years (range 0.1-11.1 years) were included. Survival was better for younger patients at all four time points, including 7.8% versus 2.5% at hospital discharge, 4.6% versus 0.2% at late follow-up. Functional status at discharge was also better, 4.8 ± 5.4 versus 9.0 ± 4.7, p<0.001, and more young patients had CPC1/2, 60.7% versus 32.2%, p = 0.004. Older patients who survived to emergency department admission had increased mortality per year of age (2.6%, hazard ratio [HR] 1.026, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.006-1.048 versus 1.7%, HR 1.017, 95% CI 1.010-1.025), per point in pre-arrest ADL (3.0%, HR 1.030, 95% CI 1.007-1.054 versus 5.8%, HR 1.058, 95% CI 1.036-1.080), and per point in pre-arrest CPC (24%, HR 1.242, 95% CI 1.097-1.406 versus 37%, HR 1.370 95% CI 1.232-1.524).

Conclusion: Patient independence before arrest may be a more crucial determinant of resuscitation outcome than older age alone. Discussion of end-of-life preferences is particularly important for older individuals with functional and cognitive decline.

Keywords: Activities of daily living; Cerebral performance category; Cohort study; Long-term survival; Resuscitation; Short-term survival.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Activities of Daily Living
  • Aged
  • Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Emergency Medical Services*
  • Functional Status
  • Humans
  • Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome