The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises

Nick Watts; Markus Amann; Nigel Arnell; Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson; Jessica Beagley; Kristine Belesova; Maxwell Boykoff; Peter Byass; Wenjia Cai; Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum; Stuart Capstick; Jonathan Chambers; Samantha Coleman; Carole Dalin; Meaghan Daly; Niheer Dasandi; Shouro Dasgupta; Michael Davies; Claudia Di Napoli; Paula Dominguez-Salas; Paul Drummond; Robert Dubrow; Kristie L Ebi; Matthew Eckelman; Paul Ekins; Luis E Escobar; Lucien Georgeson; Su Golder; Delia Grace; Hilary Graham; Paul Haggar; Ian Hamilton; Stella Hartinger; Jeremy Hess; Shih-Che Hsu; Nick Hughes; Slava Jankin Mikhaylov; Marcia P Jimenez; Ilan Kelman; Harry Kennard; Gregor Kiesewetter; Patrick L Kinney; Tord Kjellstrom; Dominic Kniveton; Pete Lampard; Bruno Lemke; Yang Liu; Zhao Liu; Melissa Lott; Rachel Lowe; Jaime Martinez-Urtaza; Mark Maslin; Lucy McAllister; Alice McGushin; Celia McMichael; James Milner; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Karyn Morrissey; Simon Munzert; Kris A Murray; Tara Neville; Maria Nilsson; Maquins Odhiambo Sewe; Tadj Oreszczyn; Matthias Otto; Fereidoon Owfi; Olivia Pearman; David Pencheon; Ruth Quinn; Mahnaz Rabbaniha; Elizabeth Robinson; Joacim Rocklöv; Marina Romanello; Jan C Semenza; Jodi Sherman; Liuhua Shi; Marco Springmann; Meisam Tabatabaei; Jonathon Taylor; Joaquin Triñanes; Joy Shumake-Guillemot; Bryan Vu; Paul Wilkinson; Matthew Winning; Peng Gong; Hugh Montgomery; Anthony Costello

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32290-X

The 2020 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: responding to converging crises

Lancet. 2021 Jan 9;397(10269):129-170. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32290-X. Epub 2020 Dec 2.

Authors

Nick Watts¹, Markus Amann², Nigel Arnell³, Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson⁴, Jessica Beagley⁵, Kristine Belesova⁶, Maxwell Boykoff⁷, Peter Byass⁸, Wenjia Cai⁹, Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum¹⁰, Stuart Capstick¹¹, Jonathan Chambers¹², Samantha Coleman⁵, Carole Dalin¹³, Meaghan Daly¹⁴, Niheer Dasandi¹⁵, Shouro Dasgupta¹⁶, Michael Davies¹⁷, Claudia Di Napoli¹⁸, Paula Dominguez-Salas¹⁹, Paul Drummond¹³, Robert Dubrow²⁰, Kristie L Ebi²¹, Matthew Eckelman²², Paul Ekins¹³, Luis E Escobar²³, Lucien Georgeson²⁴, Su Golder²⁵, Delia Grace²⁶, Hilary Graham¹⁴, Paul Haggar¹¹, Ian Hamilton²⁷, Stella Hartinger²⁸, Jeremy Hess²⁹, Shih-Che Hsu²⁷, Nick Hughes¹³, Slava Jankin Mikhaylov³⁰, Marcia P Jimenez³¹, Ilan Kelman⁵, Harry Kennard²⁷, Gregor Kiesewetter², Patrick L Kinney³², Tord Kjellstrom³³, Dominic Kniveton³⁴, Pete Lampard²⁵, Bruno Lemke³⁵, Yang Liu³⁶, Zhao Liu⁹, Melissa Lott³⁷, Rachel Lowe³⁸, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza³⁹, Mark Maslin⁴⁰, Lucy McAllister⁴¹, Alice McGushin⁵, Celia McMichael⁴², James Milner⁴³, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh⁴⁴, Karyn Morrissey⁴⁵, Simon Munzert³⁰, Kris A Murray⁴⁶, Tara Neville¹⁰, Maria Nilsson⁸, Maquins Odhiambo Sewe⁴⁷, Tadj Oreszczyn²⁷, Matthias Otto⁴⁸, Fereidoon Owfi⁴⁹, Olivia Pearman⁷, David Pencheon⁵⁰, Ruth Quinn⁵¹, Mahnaz Rabbaniha⁴⁹, Elizabeth Robinson¹⁸, Joacim Rocklöv⁴⁷, Marina Romanello⁵, Jan C Semenza⁵², Jodi Sherman⁵³, Liuhua Shi⁵⁴, Marco Springmann²⁴, Meisam Tabatabaei⁵⁵, Jonathon Taylor⁵⁶, Joaquin Triñanes⁵⁷, Joy Shumake-Guillemot⁵⁸, Bryan Vu³⁶, Paul Wilkinson⁴³, Matthew Winning¹³, Peng Gong⁹, Hugh Montgomery⁵⁹, Anthony Costello⁶⁰

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK. Electronic address: nicholas.watts@ucl.ac.uk.
² Air Quality and Greenhouse Gases Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria.
³ Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
⁴ Institute for Environment and Human Security, United Nations University, Bonn, Germany.
⁵ Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
⁶ Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
⁷ Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
⁸ Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
⁹ Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
¹⁰ Environment, Climate Change and Health Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
¹¹ School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
¹² Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
¹³ Institute for Sustainable Resources, University College London, London, UK.
¹⁴ Department of Environmental Studies, University of New England, Biddeford, ME, USA.
¹⁵ School of Government, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
¹⁶ Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici, Venice, Italy.
¹⁷ Institute for Environmental Design and Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
¹⁸ School of Agriculture, Policy, and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
¹⁹ Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
²⁰ Yale Center on Climate Change and Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
²¹ Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
²² Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
²³ Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
²⁴ Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
²⁵ Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK.
²⁶ CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Human Nutrition and Health, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
²⁷ Energy Institute, University College London, London, UK.
²⁸ School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
²⁹ Center for Health and the Global Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
³⁰ Data Science Lab, Hertie School, Berlin, Germany.
³¹ Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
³² Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
³³ Health and Environment International Trust, Nelson, New Zealand.
³⁴ School of Global Studies, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK.
³⁵ School of Health, Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, Nelson, New Zealand.
³⁶ Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
³⁷ Center on Global Energy Policy, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
³⁸ Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
³⁹ Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
⁴⁰ Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK.
⁴¹ Center for Energy Markets, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
⁴² School of Geography, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
⁴³ Department of Public Health, Environments, and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
⁴⁴ Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴⁵ European Centre for Environment and Human Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
⁴⁶ Medical Research Council Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK; Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Bakau, The Gambia.
⁴⁷ Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
⁴⁸ Department of Arts, Media and Digital Technologies, Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology, Nelson, New Zealand.
⁴⁹ Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.
⁵⁰ Medical and Health School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
⁵¹ Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
⁵² Scientific Assessment Section, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden.
⁵³ Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
⁵⁴ Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Atlanta, GA, USA.
⁵⁵ Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
⁵⁶ Department of Civil Engineering, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
⁵⁷ Department of Electronics and Computer Science, CRETUS Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain.
⁵⁸ WHO-WMO Joint Climate and Health Office, Geneva, Switzerland.
⁵⁹ Institute for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, UK.
⁶⁰ Office of the Vice Provost for Research, University College London, London, UK.

Abstract

For the Chinese, French, German, and Spanish translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Climate Change*
Conservation of Natural Resources / trends
Extreme Weather*
Global Health*
Health Policy
Humans
International Cooperation
Pandemics
SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding