From GOLD 0 to Pre-COPD

Affiliations

• ¹ Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
• ² Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, Spain.
• ³ Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
• ⁴ Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
• ⁵ College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
• ⁶ Respiratory Medicine, Cochin Hospital, APHP.Centre-University of Paris, Cochin Institute (UMR1016), Paris, France.
• ⁷ Respiratory Division, Department of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrera, Italy.
• ⁸ Lung Investigation Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
• ⁹ Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; and.
• ¹⁰ Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Medical Center Giessen and Marburg, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.