Abstract
Treatment options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) continue to expand. Three recent phase III trials, Checkmate 214, Keynote-426, and Javelin Renal 101, have led to FDA approval of three new regimens for patients with clear cell RCC: nivolumab plus ipilimumab, pembrolizumab plus axitinib, and avelumab plus axitinib, respectively. At the same time, the dearth of treatment options for non-clear cell RCC has changed very little. The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy has also come into question after the publication of the CARMENA and SURTIME trials. This review will examine recent changes in therapeutic options in clear cell RCC and non-clear RCC, and the role of surgery in the treatment of metastatic RCC.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
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Review
MeSH terms
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / therapeutic use
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / diagnosis
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / mortality
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / secondary
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / therapy*
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Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / methods
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Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / trends
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Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures / methods
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Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures / trends*
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Humans
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Kidney Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Kidney Neoplasms / mortality
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Kidney Neoplasms / pathology
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Kidney Neoplasms / therapy*
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Neoplasm Staging
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Nephrectomy / trends*
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Progression-Free Survival
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
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Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Substances
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Angiogenesis Inhibitors
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
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Protein Kinase Inhibitors