Treatment of Bloodstream Infections Due to Gram-Negative Bacteria with Difficult-to-Treat Resistance

Matteo Bassetti; Antonio Vena; Chiara Sepulcri; Daniele Roberto Giacobbe; Maddalena Peghin

doi:10.3390/antibiotics9090632

Treatment of Bloodstream Infections Due to Gram-Negative Bacteria with Difficult-to-Treat Resistance

Antibiotics (Basel). 2020 Sep 22;9(9):632. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9090632.

Authors

Matteo Bassetti^{1

2}, Antonio Vena¹, Chiara Sepulcri¹, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe¹, Maddalena Peghin³

Affiliations

¹ Clinica Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
² Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
³ Department of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Clinic, University of Udine and Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata, 33100 Udine, Italy.

Abstract

The rising incidence of bloodstream infections (BSI) due to Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) with difficult-to-treat resistance (DTR) has been recognized as a global emergency. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, epidemiology and treatment options for BSI caused by GNB with DTR, namely extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriales; carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales; DTR Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and DTR Acinetobacter baumannii.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; Enterobacteriales; Gram-negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; difficult to treat bacteria.

Publication types

Review