Stomatal Sensitivity to Vapor Pressure Deficit and the Loss of Hydraulic Conductivity Are Coordinated in Populus euphratica, a Desert Phreatophyte Species

Da-Yong Fan; Qing-Lai Dang; Cheng-Yang Xu; Chuang-Dao Jiang; Wang-Feng Zhang; Xin-Wu Xu; Xiao-Fang Yang; Shou-Ren Zhang

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.01248

Stomatal Sensitivity to Vapor Pressure Deficit and the Loss of Hydraulic Conductivity Are Coordinated in Populus euphratica, a Desert Phreatophyte Species

Front Plant Sci. 2020 Aug 14:11:1248. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01248. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Da-Yong Fan¹, Qing-Lai Dang², Cheng-Yang Xu¹, Chuang-Dao Jiang³, Wang-Feng Zhang⁴, Xin-Wu Xu^{3

5}, Xiao-Fang Yang³, Shou-Ren Zhang³

Affiliations

¹ College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
² Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
³ State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁴ The Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
⁵ China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, China.

Abstract

There are considerable variations in the percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) at mid-day minimum water potential among and within species, but the underpinning mechanism(s) are poorly understood. This study tested the hypothesis that plants can regulate leaf specific hydraulic conductance (K _l) via precise control over PLC under variable ΔΨ (water potential differential between soil and leaf) conditions to maintain the -m/b constant (-m: the sensitivity of stomatal conductance to VPD; b: reference stomatal conductance at 1.0 kPa VPD), where VPD is vapor pressure deficit. We used Populus euphratica, a phreatophyte species distributed in the desert of Northwestern China, to test the hypothesis. Field measurements of VPD, stomatal conductance (g _s), g _s responses to VPD, mid-day minimum leaf water potential (Ψ _lmin), and branch hydraulic architecture were taken in late June at four sites along the downstream of Tarim River at the north edge of the Taklamakan desert. We have found that: 1) the -m/b ratio was almost constant (=0.6) across all the sites; 2) the average Ψ ₅₀ (the xylem water potential with 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity) was -1.63 MPa, and mid-day PLC ranged from 62 to 83%; 3) there were tight correlations between Ψ ₅₀ and wood density/leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (k _l) and between specific hydraulic conductance sensitivity to water potential [d(k _s)/dln(-Ψ)] and specific hydraulic conductivity (k _s). A modified hydraulic model was applied to investigate the relationship between g _s and VPD under variable ΔΨ and K _l conditions. It was concluded that P. euphratica was able to control PLC in order to maintain a relatively constant -m/b under different site conditions. This study demonstrated that branchlet hydraulic architecture and stomatal response to VPD were well coordinated in order to maintain relatively water homeostasis of P. euphratica in the desert. Model simulations could explain the wide variations of PLC across and within woody species that are often observed in the field.

Keywords: hydraulic model; leaf specific hydraulic conductance; stomatal conductance; water homeostasis; xylem cavitation.