Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of 23 valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) inoculation against community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) among the elderly aged 60 years old and above in Shanghai. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted using a stratified random sampling from October 2013, in which 1 214 and 2 387 elderly people aged 60 and above were selected as the inoculation group and control group, respectively. And a unified questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information of the subjects in the inoculation group and the control group. From October 2013 to December 2018, the subjects were followed up at home or by telephone for a total of 20 times, mainly for whether they had CAP during the observation period. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to calculate RR and 95%CI of CAP incidence between inoculation group and control group for comparing. Results: There were 556 males (45.8%) in the inoculation group and 1 012 males (42.4%) in the control group. And the incidence density of CAP in the inoculation group was lower than that of the control group (0.848/100 person-years vs. 1.452/100 person-years), and the vaccine protection rate was 41.6%, with a statistically significant difference ［RR (95%CI)= 0.584 (0.428-0.790), P<0.001］. After adjusting for age, RR (95%CI) was 0.699 (0.507-0.956), and the difference was still statistically significant (P=0.025).Further stratified analysis showed that the vaccine protective rates of PPV23 in the 60-69 year-old group, the 70-79 year-old group and the ≥80 year-old group were 36.7%, 21.6% and 26.0%, respectively, but only in the 60-69 year-old group showed statistical difference (RR=0.633, 95%CI=0.399-0.990, P=0.045). Conclusion: To a certain extent, the incidence of CAP can be reduced by inoculation of PPV23 in elderly population aged 60 and above in Shanghai, and it should be further recommended in elderly population of low age.
目的： 评价上海市60岁及以上老年人群接种23价肺炎球菌多糖疫苗（PPV23）对预防社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的保护效果。 方法： 根据前瞻性队列研究，于2013年10月采用分层随机抽样的方法，在上海市选取1 214和2 387名60岁及以上老人作为接种组和对照组。采用统一设计的调查问卷，对接种组和对照组研究对象进行基本信息调查。于2013年10月至2018年12月期间对研究对象进行入户或电话随访，共随访20次，随访内容主要为观察期内是否罹患CAP。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析方法计算接种组与对照组CAP发病情况的RR及95%CI值，进行两组比较。 结果： 接种组中男性556名（45.8%），对照组中男性1 012名（42.4%）。接种组的CAP发病密度低于对照组（0.848/百人年比1.452/百人年），RR（95%CI）值为0.584（0.428~0.790），疫苗保护率为41.6%，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）；对年龄进行调整后，RR（95%CI）值为0.699（0.507~0.956），差异仍有统计学意义（P=0.025）。分层分析结果显示，PPV23在60~69、70~79和≥80岁组中的疫苗保护率分别为36.7%、21.6%和26.0%，但仅在60~69岁组中有统计学意义［RR（95%CI）=0.633（0.399~0.990），P=0.045］。 结论： 在上海市60岁及以上老年人群中接种PPV23可一定程度降低CAP发病率，应进一步在低年龄段老年人群中推荐使用。.
Keywords: 23 valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; Cohort studies; Vaccination.