Is the H2 economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part III: H2 usage technologies, applications, and challenges and opportunities

Hassan Nazir; Navaneethan Muthuswamy; Cindrella Louis; Sujin Jose; Jyoti Prakash; Marthe E M Buan; Cristina Flox; Sai Chavan; Xuan Shi; Pertti Kauranen; Tanja Kallio; Gilberto Maia; Kaido Tammeveski; Nikolaos Lymperopoulos; Elena Carcadea; Emre Veziroglu; Alfredo Iranzo; Arunachala M Kannan

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.256

Is the H₂ economy realizable in the foreseeable future? Part III: H₂ usage technologies, applications, and challenges and opportunities

Int J Hydrogen Energy. 2020 Oct 30;45(53):28217-28239. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.07.256. Epub 2020 Aug 21.

Authors

Hassan Nazir¹, Navaneethan Muthuswamy^{2

3}, Cindrella Louis⁴, Sujin Jose⁵, Jyoti Prakash⁶, Marthe E M Buan³, Cristina Flox³, Sai Chavan⁶, Xuan Shi⁶, Pertti Kauranen³, Tanja Kallio³, Gilberto Maia⁷, Kaido Tammeveski⁸, Nikolaos Lymperopoulos⁹, Elena Carcadea¹⁰, Emre Veziroglu¹¹, Alfredo Iranzo¹², Arunachala M Kannan⁶

Affiliations

¹ US-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
² Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands Vei 4, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
³ Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, 620015, TN, India.
⁵ School of Physics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Palkalai Nagar, Madurai 625021, TN, India.
⁶ The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ, 85212, USA.
⁷ Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, University City, Senador Filinto Müller Avenue No. 1555, 79074-460, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
⁸ Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
⁹ Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking, Avenue de La Toison D'Or 56-60, B-1060, Brussels, Belgium.
¹⁰ National Center for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells, National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies - ICSI, 4 Uzinei Street, Ramnicu Valcea, 240050, Romania.
¹¹ International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, International Association for Hydrogen Energy, USA.
¹² School of Engineering, Universidad de Sevilla, Camino de Los Descubrimientos, S/n, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.

Abstract

Energy enthusiasts in developed countries explore sustainable and efficient pathways for accomplishing zero carbon footprint through the H₂ economy. The major objective of the H₂ economy review series is to bring out the status, major issues, and opportunities associated with the key components such as H₂ production, storage, transportation, distribution, and applications in various energy sectors. Specifically, Part I discussed H₂ production methods including the futuristic ones such as photoelectrochemical for small, medium, and large-scale applications, while Part II dealt with the challenges and developments in H₂ storage, transportation, and distribution with national and international initiatives. Part III of the H₂ economy review discusses the developments and challenges in the areas of H₂ application in chemical/metallurgical industries, combustion, and fuel cells. Currently, the majority of H₂ is being utilized by a few chemical industries with >60% in the oil refineries sector, by producing grey H₂ by steam methane reforming on a large scale. In addition, the review also presents the challenges in various technologies for establishing greener and sustainable H₂ society.

Keywords: Combustion; Fuel cells; H2 application; H2 society; Industrial.

Publication types

Review