Introduction: We previously reported on 40 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) identified 1999-2005 at our center, and showed that a higher proportion had an axonal pattern, compared to Europe and North America.
Methods: Retrospective chart review of 100 adult patients with GBS between 2006 and 2018 at Shamir Medical Center.
Results: 46.8% of those with an abnormal EMG had an axonal pattern. Of the 60 patients who presented with mild disease (defined as Hughes score 1-2), walking deteriorated in 35 (58%, considering any worsening of Hughes score). 20 patients (33%) lost the ability to walk independently (Hughes score 3), 8 reached a point they could not walk (Hughes 4), and 2 needed mechanical ventilation. Ninety-four of 100 patients (94%) were treated with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg). Using ECG monitoring and DVT prophylaxis, IVIg-related adverse reactions were rare.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated a higher proportion of axonal GBS patients in Israel, compared to European and North American patients, replicating the findings in the 1999-2005 patients. Due to the progressive nature of the disease, with more than half of patients presenting with mild disease deteriorating and needing inpatient rehabilitation - we advocate initiation of treatment once a clinical diagnosis of GBS is made.
Keywords: Axonal variant; Demyelinating variant; GBS; IVIg safety; Outcomes.
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