Effects of cryotherapy on high-dose melphalan-induced oral mucositis in pediatric patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation

Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2020 Sep;67(9):e28495. doi: 10.1002/pbc.28495. Epub 2020 Jun 23.

Abstract

Cryotherapy is a conventional method for preventing melphalan-induced oral mucositis (OM) in adult patients. We retrospectively examined the clinical benefits of cryotherapy in 41 pediatric patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation using a melphalan-etoposide-carboplatin regimen. Twenty-two patients received cryotherapy. The cumulative incidence of grade 3-4 OM was significantly lower in the cryotherapy group (57.1%) than in the noncryotherapy group (89.5%; P = .041). Multivariate analyses identified cryotherapy and the melphalan dose as independent factors for the lower occurrence of OM. The present study demonstrates the clinically significant efficacy of cryotherapy for preventing melphalan-induced OM in pediatric patients.

Keywords: autologous stem cell transplantation; children; cryotherapy; melphalan; oral mucositis.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects*
  • Carboplatin / administration & dosage
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Cryotherapy / methods*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Etoposide / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Melphalan / administration & dosage
  • Melphalan / adverse effects*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stomatitis / chemically induced
  • Stomatitis / pathology
  • Stomatitis / therapy*
  • Transplantation, Autologous
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Etoposide
  • Carboplatin
  • Melphalan