Alkaloids from the nearly ripe fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa and their bioactivities

Abstract

Two novel quinolone alkaloids (1 and 2) and two novel indole alkaloids (5 and 8), together with eleven known analogues, were isolated from the nearly ripe fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, including NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD. Additionally, the anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, and anti-bacterial activities of the isolated alkaloids were evaluated in vitro. Compound 5 as a new alkaloid displayed moderate inhibitory effect against four human cancer cell lines (MCF-7 IC₅₀ = 30.7 μM, Hepg-2 IC₅₀ = 65.2 μM, A549 IC₅₀ = 39.1 μM, and SHSY-5Y IC₅₀ = 24.7 μM), α-glucosidase (IC₅₀ = 23.9 μM) and PTP1B (IC₅₀ = 75.8 μM). Compound 11 showed better inhibitory effect against PTP1B (IC₅₀ = 16.2 μM) compared with that of the positive control. Compounds 5, 13, and 14 showed moderate inhibitory effects against Bacillus cereus with MIC values of 50, 25, and 10 μM, respectively.

Keywords: Alkaloids; Anti-bacteria; Cytotoxicity; Evodia rutaecarpa; Hypoglycemic.