Role of alcohol in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus infection

World J Gastroenterol. 2020 Mar 7;26(9):883-903. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i9.883.

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and alcohol abuse often contribute to the development of end-stage liver disease. Alcohol abuse not only causes rapid progression of liver disease in HBV infected patients but also allows HBV to persist chronically. Importantly, the mechanism by which alcohol promotes the progression of HBV-associated liver disease are not completely understood. Potential mechanisms include a suppressed immune response, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus stresses, and increased HBV replication. Certainly, more research is necessary to gain a better understanding of these mechanisms such that treatment(s) to prevent rapid liver disease progression in alcohol-abusing HBV patients could be developed. In this review, we discuss the aforementioned factors for the higher risk of liver diseases in alcohol-induced HBV pathogenies and suggest the areas for future studies in this field.

Keywords: Alcohol; Hepatitis B virus; Immunity; Liver disease; Oxidative stress.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alcohol Drinking*
  • Alcoholism / complications*
  • Disease Progression
  • End Stage Liver Disease / pathology
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / drug effects
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome
  • Golgi Apparatus / drug effects
  • Hepatitis B virus
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / complications
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / immunology
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / physiopathology*
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II
  • Humans
  • Liver / pathology
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Virus Replication

Substances

  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
  • Histocompatibility Antigens Class II