In the mix: the potential benefits of adding GM-CSF to CpG-B in the local treatment of patients with early-stage melanoma

Bas D Koster; Tamarah D de Jong; Mari F C M van den Hout; Berbel J R Sluijter; Ronald J C L M Vuylsteke; Barbara G Molenkamp; Saskia Vosslamber; M Petrousjka van den Tol; Alfons J M van den Eertwegh; Tanja D de Gruijl

doi:10.1080/2162402X.2019.1708066

In the mix: the potential benefits of adding GM-CSF to CpG-B in the local treatment of patients with early-stage melanoma

Oncoimmunology. 2019 Dec 26;9(1):1708066. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2019.1708066. eCollection 2020.

Affiliations

¹ Departments of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
² Departments of Rheumatology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
³ Departments of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
⁴ Departments of Surgical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Abstract

Whereas TLR9 agonists are recognized as powerful stimulators of antitumor immunity, GM-CSF has had mixed reviews. In previously reported randomized trials we assessed the effects of local immune modulation in early-stage melanoma with CpG-B alone or with GM-CSF. Here we discuss the added value of GM-CSF and show sex-related differences.

Keywords: CpG; GM-CSF; dendritic cells; melanoma; sentinel lymph node.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Dendritic Cells
Female
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor* / therapeutic use
Humans
Male
Melanoma* / drug therapy
Sex Factors

Substances

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Fritz Ahlquist Foundation.