Efficacy and safety of self-expanding metallic stent placement followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy and scheduled surgery for treatment of obstructing left-sided colonic cancer

BMC Cancer. 2020 Jan 28;20(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12885-020-6560-x.

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and feasibility of self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to elective surgery for obstructing left-sided colon cancer.

Methods: Eleven consecutive patients with obstructing left-sided colon cancer between May 2014 and November 2015 were included retrospectively. All patients received SEMS followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The primary outcome measure was stoma and laparoscopic surgery.

Results: Chemotherapy was with two cycles of CAPOX (54.5%) or three cycles mFOLFOX6 (45.5%). Median serum albumin and hemoglobin levels before surgery were significantly higher than before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.01 and p = 0.008 respectively) and before SEMS (p = 0.01 and p = 0.003 respectively). Median bowel wall thickness proximal to the upper edge of tumor was significantly more before neoadjuvant chemotherapy than before stent (p = 0.003), and significantly less before surgery than before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.003). No patient underwent stoma creation. Laparoscopic surgery was performed in nine (81.8%) patients. No local recurrence or metastases developed over median cancer-specific follow-up of 44 months (range, 37-55 months).

Conclusion: SEMS followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to elective surgery appears to be safe and well tolerated in patients with obstructing left-sided colon cancer.

Keywords: Intestinal obstruction; Left-sided colonic tumor; Neoadjuvant chemotherapy; Self-expanding metallic stent; Stoma.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Capecitabine / therapeutic use
  • Colonic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Colonic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Colonic Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Drug Therapy
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Fluorouracil
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Obstruction / metabolism
  • Intestinal Obstruction / surgery*
  • Laparoscopy / instrumentation*
  • Leucovorin
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Oxaliplatin / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Self Expandable Metallic Stents / adverse effects*
  • Serum Albumin, Human / metabolism
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Organoplatinum Compounds
  • Oxaliplatin
  • Capecitabine
  • Leucovorin
  • Fluorouracil
  • Serum Albumin, Human

Supplementary concepts

  • Folfox protocol