Introduction: Selective reporting of antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) results is a potentially interesting tool for antibiotic stewardship. It consists of performing AST according to usual practices, but the results are reported to the prescriber only for a few antibiotics (i.e. first-line agents) or not reported at all when colonization is likely.Areas covered: We retrieved 20 studies exploring the impact of selective reporting. Overall, selective reporting is able to influence antibiotic use, both discouraging prescription in case of colonization, and promoting the selection of narrow-spectrum agents. Most studies concerned urine samples. Evidence on the impact on antibiotic resistance is insufficient. Unintended consequences were not observed, but evidence on this topic is scarce. Selective reporting is well implemented in a few countries, and a huge heterogeneity of practices exists.Expert opinion: Evidence shows that selective reporting can help reducing inappropriate and unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions. Uncomplicated urinary tract infections are probably the best initial target, both in hospital and community settings, but other non-severe infections can be a suitable option. The implementation of selective reporting should be promoted by the scientific community, with detailed practical guidelines, and its impact should be further assessed in large interventional studies.
Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility testing; antibiotic use; antimicrobial stewardship; cascade reporting; selective reporting.