Proof-of-concept for a non-invasive, portable, and wireless device for cardiovascular monitoring in pediatric patients

PLoS One. 2020 Jan 3;15(1):e0227145. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227145. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Measurement of cardiac function is vital for the health of pediatric patients with heart disease. Standard tools to measure function including echocardiogram and magnetic residence imaging are time intensive, costly, and have limited accessibility. The Vivio is a novel, non-invasive, handheld device that screens for cardiac dysfunction by analyzing intrinsic frequencies (IF) ω1 and ω2 of carotid artery waveforms. Prior studies demonstrated that left ventricular ejection fraction can be derived from IFs in adults. This study 1) studies whether the Vivio can capture carotid arterial pulse waveform data in children ages 0-19 years old; 2) tests the performance of two sensor head geometries, one larger and smaller than the standard size used in adults, designed for the pediatric population; 3) compares the IFs between pediatric age groups and adults with normal function. The Vivio successfully measured a carotid artery waveform in all children over 5 years old and 28% of children under the age of five. The small head did not accurately measure a waveform in any age group. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated a difference in the IF ω1 between the adult and pediatric cohorts (F = 7.3, Prob>F = 0.0001). Post host analysis demonstrated a difference between the adult cohort (ω1 = 99 +/- 5 bpm) and the cohorts ages 0-4 (ω1 = 111 +/- 2 bpm; p = 0.0006) and 15-19 years old (ω1 = 105 +/-5 bpm; p = 0.02). One-way ANOVA demonstrated a difference in the IF ω2 between the adult and pediatric cohorts (F = 4.8, Prob>F = 0.003), specifically between the adult (ω2 = 81 +/- 13 bpm) and age 0-4 cohorts (ω2 = 48 +/- 8 bpm; p = 0.002). These results suggest that the Vivio can be used to capture carotid pulse waveform data in pediatric populations and that the data produced can be used to measure intrinsic frequencies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Carotid Arteries / physiology
  • Cephalometry
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cohort Studies
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Heart Rate Determination / instrumentation*
  • Hemodynamic Monitoring / instrumentation*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Proof of Concept Study*
  • Pulse
  • Stroke Volume / physiology*
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology*
  • Wireless Technology / instrumentation*
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

This study was partially funded by Atlantic Pediatric Device Consortium (APDC) Subaward No. RG219-G6 (http://atlanticpediatricdeviceconsortium.org/) to NP. The funder had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.