Expression of COX-1, COX-2, 5-LOX and [Formula: see text] in nasal polyps and bronchial tissue of patients with aspirin exacerbated airway disease

Monique Vorsprach; Christoph Arens; Stephan Knipping; Dörte Jechorek; Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski; Eva Lücke; Jens Schreiber

doi:10.1186/s13223-019-0395-5

Expression of COX-1, COX-2, 5-LOX and ${CysLT}_{2}$ in nasal polyps and bronchial tissue of patients with aspirin exacerbated airway disease

Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2019 Dec 26:15:83. doi: 10.1186/s13223-019-0395-5. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Monique Vorsprach¹, Christoph Arens², Stephan Knipping³, Dörte Jechorek⁴, Sabine Stegemann-Koniszewski¹, Eva Lücke¹, Jens Schreiber¹

Affiliations

¹ 1Departmemt of Pneumology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
² 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
³ 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck Surgery, Plastical Surgery, Dessau Medical Center, Martin-Luther-University Halle, Auenweg 38, 06847 Dessau, Germany.
⁴ 4Department of Pathology, University Hospital Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.

Abstract

Background: Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a disease of the upper and lower airways. It is characterized by severe asthma, chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and intolerance towards nonsteroidal analgesics (NSAR). Arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis of AERD. It is still unknown, whether metabolism of AA is comparable between the upper and lower airways as well as between patients with and without NSAR intolerance.

Objective: We sought to analyze differences in the expression of cyclooxygenases type 1 and 2 (COX-1, COX-2), arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor type 2 ( ${CysLT}_{2}$ ) in nasal polyps and the bronchial mucosa of patients with aspirin intolerant asthma (AIA, $n = 23$ ) as compared to patients with aspirin tolerant asthma (ATA, $n = 17$ ) and a control group with nasal polyps, but without asthma (NPwA, $n = 15$ ).

Methods: Tissue biopsies from nasal polyps and bronchial mucosa were obtained during surgical treatment of nasal polyps by endonasal functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) under general anesthesia from intubated patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of COX-1, COX-2, 5-LOX and ${CysLT}_{2}$ in nasal and bronchial mucosa. Categorization into the different patient groups was performed according to the patient history, clinical and laboratory data, pulmonary function and provocation tests, as well as allergy testing.

Results: We observed a stronger expression of 5-LOX and ${CysLT}_{2}$ in submucosal glands of nasal and bronchial tissue compared to epithelial expression. The expression of COX-1 and COX-2 was stronger in epithelia compared to submucosal glands. There was a similar expression of the enzymes and ${CysLT}_{2}$ between upper and lower airways in all patient groups. We did not detect any significant differences between the patient groups.

Conclusions: The AA-metabolizing enzymes and the ${CysLT}_{2}$ were expressed in a very similar way in different microscopic structures in samples of the upper and lower airways of individual patients. We did not detect differences between the patient groups indicating the pathogenetic role of AA metabolism in these disorders is independent of the presence of NSAR-intolerance.

Keywords: Arachidonic acid; Aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease; Asthma; Cyclooxygenases; Leukotrienes; Lipoxygenases; Nasal polyps.