Sighting acute myocardial infarction through platelet gene expression

Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 20;9(1):19574. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56047-0.

Abstract

Acute myocardial infarction is primarily due to coronary atherosclerotic plaque rupture and subsequent thrombus formation. Platelets play a key role in the genesis and progression of both atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Since platelets are anuclear cells that inherit their mRNA from megakaryocyte precursors and maintain it unchanged during their life span, gene expression profiling at the time of an acute myocardial infarction provides information concerning the platelet gene expression preceding the coronary event. In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a gene-by-gene analysis of the platelet gene expression identified five differentially expressed genes: FKBP5, S100P, SAMSN1, CLEC4E and S100A12. The logistic regression model used to combine the gene expression in a STEMI vs healthy donors score showed an AUC of 0.95. The same five differentially expressed genes were externally validated using platelet gene expression data from patients with coronary atherosclerosis but without thrombosis. Platelet gene expression profile highlights five genes able to identify STEMI patients and to discriminate them in the background of atherosclerosis. Consequently, early signals of an imminent acute myocardial infarction are likely to be found by platelet gene expression profiling before the infarction occurs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / genetics
  • Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / metabolism
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Atherosclerosis / genetics*
  • Atherosclerosis / metabolism*
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism*
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lectins, C-Type / genetics
  • Lectins, C-Type / metabolism
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / genetics*
  • Neoplasm Proteins / genetics
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
  • Receptors, Immunologic / genetics
  • Receptors, Immunologic / metabolism
  • S100A12 Protein / genetics
  • S100A12 Protein / metabolism
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport
  • CLEC4D protein, human
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Lectins, C-Type
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • S100A12 Protein
  • S100P protein, human
  • SAMSN1 protein, human
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins
  • tacrolimus binding protein 5