Leukocytosis after distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy as a marker of major complication

Am J Surg. 2020 Aug;220(2):354-358. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.12.004. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between the degree of postoperative leukocytosis and major morbidity after elective distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS).

Methods: Retrospective review of patients undergoing DPS for pancreatic diseases (2013-2016). Receiver operating characteristic curves, Youden's index, and area under the curve were used to identify ideal lab cut-off values and discriminatory ability of postoperative white blood cell count to detect complications.

Results: 158 patients underwent DPS. Median age was 57 years (range, 22-90) and 53% of patients were male. POD3 absolute WBC count ≥16 × 109/L or an increase in WBC count ≥9 × 109/L from preoperative baseline was associated with major morbidity after DPS (AUC 0.7 and 0.7, respectively).

Conclusion: Postoperative day three leukocytosis ≥16 × 109/L or an increase in WBC of ≥9 × 109/L from preoperative baseline should raise clinical awareness for major postoperative complication after DPS.

Keywords: Leukocytosis; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic fistula; Splenectomy; Surgical wound infection.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Leukocytosis / epidemiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pancreatectomy*
  • Postoperative Complications / blood*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Splenectomy*