Troponin T Predicts Cardioembolic Aetiology and Clinical Outcome in Undetermined Ischaemic Stroke in Hyperacute Phase

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Feb;29(2):104528. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.104528. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Abstract

Background: Elevated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels have been related to clinical outcome in stroke patients. However, the role of hs-cTnT and its potential as a biomarker in ischaemic stroke (IS) has not been well established. This study aims to determine whether basal hs-cTnT determination in the hyperacute phase of undetermined IS and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) can predict the cardioembolic aetiology and clinical outcome.

Methods: We prospectively studied 110 consecutive patients with undetermined acute IS and TIA. hs-cTnT levels were determined at hospital arrival. Large vessel stenosis/occlusion and previously known aetiologies at admission were exclusion criteria for this study. All patients were subjected to a complete aetiological evaluation. A 12-month follow-up was performed in all patients. The subtype of IS was evaluated following the SSS-TOAST criteria. We established two groups at admission: cardioembolic aetiology (group A) and noncardioembolic aetiologies (group B).

Results: The number of patients in each group was similar (group A: 52, 47.27%; group B, 58, 52.73%). Patients in group A had elevated hs-cTnT more frequently (61.54% versus 17.24%; P < .001). Group A patients had significantly higher mortality at 3 months (14.29% versus 1.82%, P = .025). In the multivariate analysis, elevated hs-cTnT was the only independent predictor of cardioembolic aetiology (odds ratio: 14.821; 95% confidence interval: 3.717-59.102, P < .001).

Conclusion: Baseline hs-cTnT assessment in undetermined strokes and TIA during the hyperacute phase is independently associated with cardioembolic aetiology.

Keywords: Ischaemic stroke; aetiology of stroke; troponin; undetermined stroke.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnosis
  • Brain Ischemia / etiology*
  • Brain Ischemia / mortality
  • Female
  • Heart Diseases / blood*
  • Heart Diseases / complications
  • Heart Diseases / diagnosis
  • Heart Diseases / mortality
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Embolism / diagnosis
  • Intracranial Embolism / etiology*
  • Intracranial Embolism / mortality
  • Ischemic Attack, Transient / diagnosis
  • Ischemic Attack, Transient / etiology*
  • Ischemic Attack, Transient / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke / diagnosis
  • Stroke / etiology*
  • Stroke / mortality
  • Time Factors
  • Troponin T / blood*
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Troponin T