Evaluation of Polysaccharide Typhim Vi Antibody Response as a predictor of Humoral Immunodeficiency in Haematological Malignancies

Clin Immunol. 2020 Jan:210:108307. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108307. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

Abstract

An increasing healthcare challenge in the management of haematological malignancy (HM) is secondary immunodeficiency. From January 2019, the EMA included the evaluation of specific antibody (Ab) responses to better select patients for immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT). We evaluated Ab responses to pneumococcal and Salmonella typhi pure polysaccharide immunization in a cohort of 42 HM patients and 24 healthy-controls. Pre-post specific Ab concentrations were measured by ELISA at 4 weeks. Globally, significantly lower Typhim Vi (TV) seroprevalence (9%) compared to 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) (76%) (p <0.001) was observed. TV non responders (88%) were higher than PPV non responders (62%) (p <0.0001) and correlated better to infectious history. By ROC analysis, pre-post 5-fold TV increase was the best cut-off to discriminate HM with recurrent infections and controls (sensitivity 91%, specificity 100%). Despite the small sample cohort, our results suggest that specific anti-S typhi Ab response is a useful complementary assay in the diagnosis and management decision of SID to HM.

Keywords: Haematological malignancies; Hypogammaglobulinemia; Pneumo23; Specific polysaccharide ab response; Typhim vi.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
  • Antibody Formation
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / immunology
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / diagnosis*
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / epidemiology
  • Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / immunology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polysaccharides, Bacterial / immunology*
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Salmonella typhi / physiology*
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Typhoid Fever / immunology*
  • Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines / immunology*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Polysaccharides, Bacterial
  • Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines
  • Vi polysaccharide vaccine, typhoid