Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) or plant symbiotic actinomycetes (PSA) play an important role in stimulating plant growth, antagonizing pathogens, tolerating stress, and controlling plant disease. However, whether there is a synergistic effect between AMF and PSA in promoting plant growth and controlling disease is worth exploring. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of AMF and PSA on growth-promotion and controlling disease on Solanaceae vegetables and to obtain effective AMF+PSA combinations. Under greenhouse pot conditions, chili (Capsicum annu-um, cultivar: Yangjiaojiao) and eggplant (Solanum melongena, cultivar: Heiguanchangqie) were inoculated with or without AMF Funneliformis mosseae (Fm), Glomus versiforme (Gv), PSA Streptomyces globosus H6-1, Streptomyces rochei S2-2, Streptomyces coralus D11-4 or/and pathogenic fungi Botrytis cinerea. There were a total of 48 treatments. The growth, disease and root symbiont development of plants were determined. The results showed that Fm and PSA could promote each other's colonization, while Gv and PSA inhibited each other. Compared with the control, AMF, PSA and AMF+PSA improved the photosynthetic performance, root activity, and growth of chili and eggplant. Under the condition of inoculation with pathogenic fungi, AMF and/or PSA treatment significantly increased growth and reduced the disease index of plants, with the effects of PSA being greater than that of AMF. Fm+H6-1 combination had the best effect on the growth-promotion and controlling disease of chili plants, with the controlling effect on gray mold reaching 69.1%. Fm+ D11-4 had the best effect on the growth promotion and controlling disease of eggplant, the controlling effect of which on gray mold reached 75.5%. Fm+H6-1 andFm+D11-4 were efficient combinations of chili and eggplant for promoting growth and controlling disease under the conditions of this experiment. Further tests in field are needed.
丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)和植物共生放线菌(PSA)具有促进植物生长、抑菌、抗逆和防病等作用.然而,AMF与PSA之间是否能协同发挥促生防病作用值得探究.本试验旨在评价AMF和PSA对茄科蔬菜的促生防病效应,获得高效AMF+PSA组合.温室盆栽试验采用辣椒(羊角椒)和茄子(黑冠长茄子),分别接种和不接种AMF摩西斗管囊霉(Fm)、变形球囊霉(Gv)、PSA浑圆链霉菌(H6-1)、娄彻氏链霉菌(S2-2)、珊瑚链霉菌(D11-4)和病原真菌灰葡萄孢,共48个处理,测定各处理植株生长、发病和根系共生体发育状况等.结果表明: Fm与PSA能相互促进侵染定殖,而Gv与PSA相互抑制.与不接种对照相比,接种AMF、PSA和AMF+PSA各处理均能不同程度地提高辣椒和茄子植株的光合性能、根系活力和生长量.接种病原真菌条件下,接种AMF和PSA处理均显著促进植株生长,降低植株的病情指数,其中,PSA的促生防病效应大于AMF,Fm+H6-1组合对辣椒的促生防病效果最好,对灰霉病的防效达69.1%;Fm+D11-4对茄子的促生防病效果最佳,对灰霉病的防效达75.5%.在本试验条件下,Fm+H6-1和Fm+D11-4分别是辣椒和茄子促生防病的高效组合,有待进一步开展田间试验.
Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; chili; eggplant; gray mold; growth; plant symbiotic actinomycetes.