Risk Factors for Post-Endoscopic Retrograde Pancreatography Pancreatitis: A Retrospective Chart Review in a Regional Hospital in Japan

Abstract

Background: Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERCP) is sometimes complicated by post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP), which is a severe adverse effect.

Objective: The present study was performed to (i) evaluate the risk factors for PEP and (ii) compare the risk of PEP after ERCP performed in the off hours versus regular hours.

Methods: This retrospective study included 374 patients who underwent ERCP from January 2013 to December 2017. Among these patients, 38 (10.2%) developed PEP. The potential risk factors for PEP were evaluated by multivariate regression analysis, and the risk of PEP was compared between ERCP performed during regular hours and off hours.

Results: The independent risk factors for PEP were a relatively younger age (<75 years; p = 0.024), female sex (p = 0.002), a history of pancreatitis (p = 0.044), and performance of pancreatography (p = 0.010). Use of a diclofenac suppository and performance of pancreatic stenting were not preventive for PEP after ERCP. The complication rate of PEP did not differ between ERCP performed during the off hours versus regular hours.

Conclusions: A relatively younger age (<75 years), female sex, a history of pancreatitis, and performance of pancreatography were potential risk factors for PEP, whereas the risk of PEP was not different between ERCP performed during the off hours versus regular hours.

Keywords: Adverse event; Cholangiography; Emergency; Off hours; Pancreatography.