Serum Interleukin-9 Concentration Is Associated with the Hemoglobin Level and Renal Function in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2019 Sep;49(4):513-518.

Abstract

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is one of the most common types of hematological malignancies, but its pathogenesis is poorly understood. Interleukin-9 (IL-9) is a growth factor, mainly produced by helper T cells. A series of observations suggested that IL-9 might act as a factor promoting oncogenesis. This study was aimed at detecting the serum concentrations of IL-9 in patients with MM, and to investigate its potential clinical significance.

Methods: The serum IL-9 levels in 34 patients with MM and 15 normal controls were quantified by using the Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Results: Our results showed that the serum IL-9 concentration in MM patients was significantly higher than that in the controls (p<0.0001). Interestingly, the IL-9 level in serum was found to be negatively associated with the hemoglobin concentration among the newly diagnosed MM patients (p=0.0108, r=-0.5850). Moreover, MM patients with renal dysfunction showed a significant increase in serum IL-9 concentration over those with normal renal function (p=0.0395).

Conclusion: These findings may imply a novel role of IL-9 in anemia and/or renal dysfunction development in MM.

Keywords: IL-9; Multiple myeloma; hemoglobin; renal function.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Hemoglobins / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-9 / blood*
  • Kidney / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Myeloma / blood*
  • Multiple Myeloma / physiopathology*
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Hemoglobins
  • IL9 protein, human
  • Interleukin-9