Carboxyhemoglobin in umbilical cord blood and maternal smoking

J Perinat Med. 2019 Sep 25;47(7):780-784. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2019-0004.

Abstract

Background Smoking during pregnancy still exists in daily life but the effect on the newborn in the early stage of life is still unclear. This study investigates the normal reference range of carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) in umbilical cord blood gas (UBG). Methods A single center retrospective cross-sectional cohort study was performed with 1172 cases. We analyzed HbCO values in umbilical cord blood, maternal smoking, birth weight percentiles, duration of amenorrhea and maternal admission duration prior to delivery. Results HbCO levels in newborns range from 0 to 7.7% with a mean of 0.6% (standard deviation 0.6). Newborns from women who smoked during pregnancy have a significant higher HbCO value compared to newborns from women who did not smoke. Birth weight is negatively correlated with HbCO (P = 0.001). Conclusion Our results show the normal reference range in this study is 0-1.2% for HbCO in the umbilical blood of newborns. Smoking prior to delivery leads to a higher HbCO value in the UBG sample of the newborn, a lower birth weight and may be potential harmful.

Keywords: carbon monoxide; carboxyhemoglobin; smoking; umbilical cord blood.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Birth Weight / drug effects*
  • Carbon Monoxide / adverse effects*
  • Carboxyhemoglobin / analysis*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Fetal Blood / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Low Birth Weight / blood*
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Netherlands
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnant Women / psychology*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Smoking* / adverse effects
  • Smoking* / blood
  • Smoking* / epidemiology

Substances

  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Carboxyhemoglobin