Syndemic effects of HIV risk behaviours: results from the NHANES study

Epidemiol Infect. 2019 Jan:147:e241. doi: 10.1017/S095026881900133X.

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to use the syndemic framework to investigate the risk of contracting HIV in the US population. Cross-sectional analyses are from The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We extracted and aggregated data on HIV antibody test, socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol use, drug use, depression, sexual behaviours and sexually transmitted diseases from cycle 2009-2010 to 2015-2016. We carried out weighted regression among young adults (20-39 years) and adults (40-59 years) separately. In total, 5230 men and 5794 women aged 20-59 years were included in the present analyses. In total, 0.8% men and 0.2% women were tested HIV-positive. Each increasing HIV risk behaviour was associated with elevated odds of being tested HIV-positive (1.15, 95% CI 1.15-1.15) among young adults and adults (1.61, 95% CI 1.61-1.61). Multi-faceted, community-based interventions are urgently required to reduce the incidence of HIV in the USA.

Keywords: Adults; HIV; NHANES; risk factors; syndemic theory.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / diagnosis
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Nutrition Surveys
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk-Taking*
  • Sex Distribution
  • Sexual Partners
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases / diagnosis
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Substance-Related Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Syndemic*
  • United States
  • Unsafe Sex / statistics & numerical data
  • Young Adult