Identification of a four-gene metabolic signature predicting overall survival for hepatocellular carcinoma

J Cell Physiol. 2020 Feb;235(2):1624-1636. doi: 10.1002/jcp.29081. Epub 2019 Jul 16.

Abstract

While hundreds of consistently altered metabolic genes had been identified in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the prognostic role of them remains to be further elucidated. Messenger RNA expression profiles and clinicopathological data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas-Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma and GSE14520 data set from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Univariate Cox regression analysis and lasso Cox regression model established a novel four-gene metabolic signature (including acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, phosphatidylserine synthase 2, and uridine-cytidine kinase 2) for HCC prognosis prediction. Patients in the high-risk group shown significantly poorer survival than patients in the low-risk group. The signature was significantly correlated with other negative prognostic factors such as higher α-fetoprotein. The signature was found to be an independent prognostic factor for HCC survival. Nomogram including the signature shown some clinical net benefit for overall survival prediction. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analyses revealed several significantly enriched pathways, which might help explain the underlying mechanisms. Our study identified a novel robust four-gene metabolic signature for HCC prognosis prediction. The signature might reflect the dysregulated metabolic microenvironment and provided potential biomarkers for metabolic therapy and treatment response prediction in HCC.

Keywords: GEO; TCGA; hepatocellular carcinoma; metabolism; prognostic model.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase / genetics
  • Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase / metabolism
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / genetics
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / metabolism
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / mortality
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Liver Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms / mortality
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nitrogenous Group Transferases / genetics
  • Nitrogenous Group Transferases / metabolism
  • Nomograms
  • Prognosis
  • Transcriptome / genetics*
  • Uridine Kinase / genetics
  • Uridine Kinase / metabolism

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • ACAT1 protein, human
  • Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase
  • Nitrogenous Group Transferases
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases
  • Ptdss2 protein, mouse
  • UCK2 protein, human
  • Uridine Kinase