An Overview of Neuromuscular Junction Aging Findings in Human and Animal Studies

Abstract

Background: Aging is a complex irreversible process that is not only related to an individual's genetic make-up but also to lifestyle choices and environmental exposures. Like every other structure in human body, the Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ) is not averse to aging.

Objectives: The prime objective is to analyse the microscopic and macroscopic changes at the NMJs with aging.

Methods: For the purpose of review we evaluated data from resources like Pubmed, Ovid, UCLA libraries and USC libraries.

Results: We review various morphological, physiological, immunological, and biochemical changes in NMJs with aging and their management.

Conclusion: The alterations in NMJs secondary to aging are inevitable. It is vital that neurologists clearly understand the pathophysiology of NMJ aging and differentiate between physiological and pathological effects of aging. With the current knowledge of science, the changes in NMJ aging can be better prevented rather than cured.

Keywords: Neuromuscular junction; aging; atrophy; neurotransmitter; oxidative stress; sarcopenia; synapse..