EGFR drives the progression of AKI to CKD through HIPK2 overexpression

Theranostics. 2019 Apr 13;9(9):2712-2726. doi: 10.7150/thno.31424. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

The molecular mechanism underlying the transition of acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) induced by vancomycin (VAN) remains largely unknown. Methods: The mice model of VAN drives AKI to CKD was developed to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The EGF receptor mutant (Wa-2) mice and gefitinib were used to inactivation of EGFR. The homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) siRNA was applied to silence of HIPK2. Human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were used to explore the molecular regulation methanism of EGFR. ChIp analysis was used to investigate if STAT3 interaction with the promoter of HIPK2. Results: A novel VAN-induced AKI mouse model was established for the first time. Moreover, the expression levels collagen I&IV, α-SMA, p-EGFR and the expression of HIPK2 proteins were upregulated in this model. Interestingly, AKI caused by VAN was markedly attenuated in waved-2 mice at the early stage, as evidenced by the suppression of renal dysfunction, renal cell apoptosis and caspase3 activation. In the latter stage, renal fibrosis and inflammation were significantly ameliorated in Wa-2 mice, accompanied by the downregulation of profibrotic molecules and F4/80. Besides, the expression levels of HIPK2 and p-STAT3 were suppressed in Wa-2 mice during VAN-induced transition of AKI to CKD. In addition, renal fibrosis and inflammation, profibrotic molecules, and EGFR/STAT3/HIPK2 signaling were ameliorated by gefitinib treatment after VAN-induced AKI. These results were consistent with the findings of Wa-2 mice. EGFR/STAT3 signaling mediated VAN-induced HIPK2 expression in HK-2 cells. ChIp analysis revealed that STAT3 directly bound to the promoter region of HIPK2. Finally, inhibition of HIPK2 attenuated the VAN drove the progression of AKI to CKD. Conclusion: These data suggest that EGFR plays an important role in VAN-driven progression of AKI to CKD.

Keywords: EGFR; ERK; HIPK2; STAT3; VAN; fibrosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actins / genetics
  • Actins / metabolism
  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury / complications
  • Acute Kidney Injury / genetics*
  • Acute Kidney Injury / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Caspase 3 / genetics
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Cell Line
  • Collagen Type I / genetics
  • Collagen Type I / metabolism
  • Collagen Type IV / genetics
  • Collagen Type IV / metabolism
  • Epithelial Cells / cytology
  • Epithelial Cells / drug effects
  • Epithelial Cells / metabolism
  • ErbB Receptors / antagonists & inhibitors
  • ErbB Receptors / genetics*
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Gefitinib / pharmacology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Humans
  • Kidney / drug effects
  • Kidney / metabolism*
  • Kidney / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mutation
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics*
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • RNA, Small Interfering / genetics
  • RNA, Small Interfering / metabolism
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / genetics
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / metabolism
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / chemically induced
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / etiology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / genetics*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / metabolism
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / genetics*
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Vancomycin / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Actins
  • Adgre1 protein, mouse
  • Calcium-Binding Proteins
  • Collagen Type I
  • Collagen Type IV
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
  • STAT3 Transcription Factor
  • Stat3 protein, mouse
  • alpha-smooth muscle actin, mouse
  • Vancomycin
  • Hipk2 protein, mouse
  • EGFR protein, mouse
  • ErbB Receptors
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Casp3 protein, mouse
  • Caspase 3
  • Gefitinib