Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Major Depressive Episode and Chronic Physical Health in Adolescents: Moderation of Race/Ethnicity

Soc Work Public Health. 2019;34(5):444-456. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2019.1617216. Epub 2019 May 22.

Abstract

Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with health problems in adolescence. However, the moderating role of race/ethnicity is not well understood. The current study examines direct and indirect effects of ACE on major depressive episodes and chronic health outcomes, and the moderating role of race/ethnicity among adolescents who participated in the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement. Results show an association between ACE and both health outcomes. Race/ethnicity was associated with differential outcomes and indicated moderation. Results underscore the importance of examining associations between ACE and adolescent well-being by race/ethnicity. The need for trauma-informed and culturally responsive services for adolescents is discussed.

Keywords: Adverse childhood experiences; adolescents; chronic health; major depression; race/ethnicity.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adverse Childhood Experiences*
  • Child Abuse / psychology*
  • Chronic Disease*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major*
  • Ethnicity / psychology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • United States