Hypertension-induced subclinical vascular and cognitive changes are reversible-An observational cohort study

J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2019 May;21(5):658-667. doi: 10.1111/jch.13537. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Abstract

Beside the well-known complications of poorly controlled, long-standing hypertension, milder abnormalities induced by early-stage hypertension have also been described. In our study, the authors examined the reversibility of changes induced by early-stage hypertension. The authors performed laboratory testing, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) measurement, evaluation of stiffness parameters, assessment of various cardiac and cerebral hemodynamic parameters during head-up tilt table (HUTT) testing, and neuropsychological examinations in 49 recently diagnosed hypertensive patients. Following baseline assessment, antihypertensive therapy was commenced. After one year of therapy, lower IMT values were found. Pulse wave velocity showed a borderline significant decrease. During HUTT, several hemodynamic parameters improved. The patients performed better on neuropsychological testing and reached significantly lower scores on questionnaires evaluating anxiety. The present study shows that early vascular changes and altered cognitive function observed in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients may improve with promptly initiated antihypertensive management.

Keywords: arterial stiffness; cognitive function; hypertension; intima-media thickness; neuropsychological tests.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
  • Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
  • Cognition / drug effects*
  • Cognition / physiology
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hungary / epidemiology
  • Hypertension / complications*
  • Hypertension / drug therapy
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Hypertension / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Pulse Wave Analysis / methods
  • Tilt-Table Test / methods