Objective: To study the clinical effect of psychological and behavioral intervention combined with biofeedback in the treatment of preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Methods: Sixty children each with inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive or combined type ADHD were enrolled. According to the intervention measure, they were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, psychological and behavioral intervention, biofeedback treatment and comprehensive treatment (psychological and behavioral intervention + biofeedback). Attention concentration time and impulse/hyperactivity and hyperactivity index scores of the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) were evaluated after 4 months of treatment.
Results: The attention concentration time increased in all types children with ADHD after psychological and behavioral intervention, biofeedback treatment or comprehensive treatment (P<0.05). In children with inattentive ADHD, hyperactive/impulsive ADHD or combined-type ADHD, biofeedback or comprehensive treatment reduced the impulse/hyperactivity index score (P<0.05). In children with inattentive or combined-type ADHD, psychological and behavioral intervention or comprehensive treatment reduced the hyperactivity index score (P<0.05). In children with hyperactive/impulsive ADHD, biofeedback treatment, psychological and behavioral intervention or comprehensive treatment reduced the hyperactivity index score (P<0.05).
Conclusions: In children with ADHD, psychological and behavioral intervention combined with biofeedback treatment can improve the attention concentration and impulsive/hyperactive and hyperactive symptoms. The treatment strategies are slightly different for children with different types of ADHD.
目的: 探讨心理行为干预联合生物反馈治疗对学龄前注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患儿的疗效。
方法: 选择注意力缺陷型、多动-冲动型及复合型学龄前ADHD患儿各60例作为研究对象。按照干预措施前瞻性随机分为对照组、心理行为组、生物反馈组和综合组，治疗4个月后评估注意力集中时间及Conners父母量表（PSQ量表）的冲动-多动、多动指数评分。
结果: 治疗后心理行为组、生物反馈组和综合组中，三种类型患儿注意力集中时间均明显增加（P < 0.05）。对于三种类型的患儿，采用生物反馈及综合治疗均可降低冲动-多动评分（P < 0.05）；注意力缺陷型及复合型患儿采用心理行为及综合治疗可降低多动指数评分，多动-冲动型患儿采用心理行为、生物反馈及综合治疗均可降低多动指数评分（均P < 0.05）。
结论: 心理行为干预联合生物反馈治疗可提高ADHD患儿注意力集中水平，改善冲动-多动及多动的行为症状，不同ADHD类型患儿治疗效果略有不同。