Novel kidney dissociation protocol and image-based flow cytometry facilitate improved analysis of injured proximal tubules

Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2019 May 1;316(5):F847-F855. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00354.2018. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Abstract

Flow cytometry studies on injured kidney tubules are complicated by the low yield of nucleated single cells. Furthermore, cell-specific responses such as cell cycle dynamics in vivo have conventionally relied on indirect immunohistochemistry and proximal tubule markers that may be downregulated in injury. Here, we report a new tissue dissociation protocol for the kidney with an early fixation step that greatly enhances the yield of single cells. Genetic labeling of the proximal tubule with either mT/mG "tomato" or R26Fucci2aR (Fucci) cell cycle reporter mice allows us to follow proximal tubule-specific changes in cell cycle after renal injury. Image-based flow cytometry (FlowSight) enables gating of the cell cycle and concurrent visualization of the cells with bright field and fluorescence. We used the Fucci mouse in conjunction with FlowSight to identify a discrete polyploid population in proximal tubules after aristolochic acid injury. The tissue dissociation protocol in conjunction with genetic labeling and image-based flow cytometry is a tool that can improve our understanding of any discrete cell population after injury.

Keywords: epithelial injury; image-based flow cytometry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury / genetics
  • Acute Kidney Injury / metabolism
  • Acute Kidney Injury / pathology*
  • Animals
  • Aristolochic Acids
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Cell Cycle*
  • Cell Separation / methods*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Epithelial Cells / metabolism
  • Epithelial Cells / pathology*
  • Flow Cytometry*
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Kidney Tubules, Proximal / metabolism
  • Kidney Tubules, Proximal / pathology*
  • Luminescent Proteins / genetics
  • Luminescent Proteins / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Polyploidy
  • Tissue Fixation / methods*

Substances

  • Aristolochic Acids
  • Biomarkers
  • Luminescent Proteins
  • aristolochic acid I