Differences in Cognitive Impairment in Primary Age-Related Tauopathy Versus Alzheimer Disease

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2019 Mar 1;78(3):219-228. doi: 10.1093/jnen/nly132.

Abstract

This study examined differences in neuropsychological test scores between individuals with primary age-related tauopathy (PART) and Alzheimer disease (AD) using cross-sectional data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. Linear regression tested for differences in 4 cognitive domains stratified by cognitive status (global Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR]). The sample included 240 participants with no neuritic plaques (NP) (definite PART), 186 with sparse NP (possible PART), and 510 with moderate/frequent NP (AD). Four cognitive domain z-score outcome variables (memory, attention, executive function, and semantic memory/language) were calculated using 12 neuropsychological tests. Definite PART participants had a sparing of semantic memory/language compared to those with AD, with a mean adjusted z-score difference of 0.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.58) for those with CDR = 0.5 or 1 and of 0.92 (CI: 0.22-1.63) for those with CDR = 2 or 3. Compared to participants with AD, definite PART participants with CDR = 0.5 or 1 had sparing of memory (adjusted z-score difference: 0.61; CI: 0.39-0.84) and definite PART participants with CDR = 2 or 3 had sparing of attention (adjusted z-score difference: 0.76: CI: 0.09-1.43). Patterns of cognitive impairment differed between definite PART and AD, suggesting significant differences in clinical presentation between individuals from these 2 groups.

Keywords: AD; Alzheimer disease; Cognition; Cognitive; Neuropathology; PART; Primary age-related tauopathy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis*
  • Alzheimer Disease / psychology*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / diagnosis*
  • Cognitive Dysfunction / psychology*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Status and Dementia Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Tauopathies / diagnosis*
  • Tauopathies / psychology*