Intersectional internalized stigma among Black gay and bisexual men: A longitudinal analysis spanning HIV/sexually transmitted infection diagnosis

J Health Psychol. 2021 Mar;26(3):465-476. doi: 10.1177/1359105318820101. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

Abstract

Internalized stigma undermines health among people diagnosed with HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI), yet limited research has examined how internalized stigma develops. Black gay and bisexual men (n = 151) reported their race and sexual orientation internalized stigma once before HIV/STI diagnosis and their HIV/STI internalized stigma monthly for 1 year after HIV/STI diagnosis. Multilevel analyses demonstrated that race and sexual orientation internalized stigma before diagnosis were associated with greater HIV/STI internalized stigma after diagnosis. More research is needed to understand how internalized stigma develops, including within the context of other identities and broader environmental characteristics to inform intervention efforts.

Keywords: African American; HIV; LGBTQ; sexually transmitted infection; stigma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Black or African American
  • Female
  • HIV Infections* / diagnosis
  • Homosexuality, Male
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Sexual Behavior
  • Sexual and Gender Minorities*
  • Sexually Transmitted Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Social Stigma