Objective: To analyze the prevalence and co-prevalence of cardio metabolic (CM) risk factors in adults in China. Methods: The project data of 2015 Nutritional Status and Health Transition of Chinese Residents were used, and 5 456 adults aged 18-59 years with complete socio-demographic, anthropometric, and blood biochemical data were selected as the study subjects. The definition released by the International Diabetes Federation in 2005 were used to define each CM risk factors, including central obesity, elevated TG, reduced HDL-C, elevated blood pressure and elevated FPG. The co-prevalence of the risk factors was defined as adults having ≥2 risk factors. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between CM risk and socio-demographic factors. Results: About 80.8% of adults had at least 1 risk factor, and 54.0% had co-prevalence of risk factors. Gender, age, education level and living area were significantly associated with the prevalence of major metabolic risk factors. After adjusting for other factors, compared with men, women were more likely to have central obesity and reduced HDL-C, but not more likely to have elevated blood pressure, elevated FPG and elevated TG (P<0.01). Compared with adults aged 18-44 years, adults aged 45-59 years were more likely to have central obesity, elevated blood pressure, elevated FPG and elevated TG (P<0.01). The odds of having central obesity, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting plasma glucose in the adults in eastern China were significantly higher than those in the central and western China. Conclusions: In 2015, less than 20% of the adults aged 18-59 years in China had no cardio metabolic risk factors, and more than half of them had two or more risk factors. Gender, age and living areas were the major influencing factors. It is necessary to take effective intervention measures targeting adults at high-risk for the early prevention of cardiovascular disease.
目的： 分析我国成年人心血管代谢性危险因素的流行特征及聚集性。 方法： 利用2015年"中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究"中有完整体格测量、血样检测及人口经济特征数据的5 456名18~59岁成年人作为研究对象。采用国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）于2005年发布的标准判定心血管代谢性危险因素，包括中心性肥胖、血压升高、血糖升高、TG升高和HDL-C降低。同时存在≥2个危险因素定义为危险因素聚集。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析人口经济因素与各代谢性危险因素之间的关联性。 结果： 2015年我国15省份约有80.8%的成年人有≥1种心血管代谢性危险因素，约有54.0%的成年人存在危险因素聚集。性别、年龄、文化程度和地区分布与主要代谢性危险因素存在显著关联。在调整了其他因素后，成年女性中心性肥胖和HDL-C降低的危险性高于成年男性，而血压升高、血糖升高和TG升高的危险性低于男性。45~59岁成年人除HDL-C降低外的4项危险因素的危险性均高于18~44岁组。东部地区成年人中心性肥胖、血压升高、血糖升高的危险性明显高于中、西部地区。 结论： 仅有<20%的18~59岁成年人不存在心血管代谢性危险因素，一半以上的成年人有≥2种的危险因素。性别、年龄和地区分布是主要影响因素。建议在高危人群中优先采取针对性干预措施，及早预防心血管疾病的发生。.
Keywords: Adults; Cardio metabolic risk factor; Socio-demographic factor.