Identification of rare genetic variants in Italian patients with dementia by targeted gene sequencing

Neurobiol Aging. 2018 Jun:66:180.e23-180.e31. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.02.006. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

Abstract

Genetics is intricately involved in the etiology of neurodegenerative dementias. The incidence of monogenic dementia among all neurodegenerative forms is unknown due to the lack of systematic studies and of patient/clinician access to extensive diagnostic procedures. In this study, we conducted targeted sequencing in 246 clinically heterogeneous patients, mainly with early-onset and/or familial neurodegenerative dementia, using a custom-designed next-generation sequencing panel covering 27 genes known to harbor mutations that can cause different types of dementia, in addition to the detection of C9orf72 repeat expansions. Forty-nine patients (19.9%) carried known pathogenic or novel, likely pathogenic, variants, involving both common (presenilin 1, presenilin 2, C9orf72, and granulin) and rare (optineurin, serpin family I member 1 and protein kinase cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent type I regulatory subunit beta) dementia-associated genes. Our results support the use of an extended next-generation sequencing panels as a quick, accurate, and cost-effective method for diagnosis in clinical practice. This approach could have a significant impact on the proportion of tested patients, especially among those with an early disease onset.

Keywords: C9orf72 RE; Double mutations; Familial dementia; Neurodegenerative dementia; Next-generation sequencing; Targeted gene sequencing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age of Onset
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • C9orf72 Protein / genetics*
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein / genetics
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIbeta Subunit / genetics
  • DNA Repeat Expansion
  • Dementia / etiology*
  • Dementia / genetics*
  • Female
  • Genetic Association Studies / methods*
  • Genetic Variation / genetics*
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods*
  • Humans
  • Italy
  • Male
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • Middle Aged
  • Mutation
  • Presenilin-1 / genetics
  • Presenilin-2 / genetics
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA / methods*
  • Transcription Factor TFIIIA / genetics

Substances

  • C9orf72 Protein
  • C9orf72 protein, human
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIbeta Subunit
  • Membrane Transport Proteins
  • OPTN protein, human
  • PSEN1 protein, human
  • PSEN2 protein, human
  • Presenilin-1
  • Presenilin-2
  • Transcription Factor TFIIIA