Treatment outcome and prognostic factors for adult patients with medulloblastoma: The Rare Cancer Network (RCN) experience

Radiother Oncol. 2018 Apr;127(1):96-102. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2017.12.028. Epub 2018 Jan 17.

Abstract

Background and purpose: The optimal treatment for adults with newly diagnosed medulloblastoma (MB) has not been defined. We report a large series of cases from the Rare Cancer Network.

Material and methods: Thirteen institutions enrolled 206 MB patients who underwent postoperative radiotherapy (RT) between 1976 and 2014. Log-rank univariate and Cox-modeled multivariate analyses were used to analyze data collected.

Results: Median patient age was 29 years; follow-up was 31 months. All patients had the tumor resected; surgery was complete in 140 (68%) patients. Postoperative RT was given in 202 (98%) patients, and 94% received craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and, usually, a posterior fossa boost. Ninety-eight (48%) patients had chemotherapy, mostly cisplatin and vincristine-based. The 10-year local control, overall survival, and disease-free survival rates were 46%, 51%, and 38%, respectively. In multivariate analyses, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) ≥80 and CSI were significant for disease-free and overall survival (P ≤ .04 for all); receiving chemotherapy and KPS ≥80 correlated with better local-control rates.

Conclusions: Patients with high KPS who received CSI had better rates of disease-free and overall survival. Chemotherapy was associated with better local control. These results may serve as a benchmark for future studies designed to improve outcomes for adults with medulloblastoma.

Keywords: Adult medulloblastoma; Chemotherapy; Craniospinal; Multimodality; Radiotherapy; Rare Cancer Network (RCN).

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Cerebellar Neoplasms / mortality
  • Cerebellar Neoplasms / pathology
  • Cerebellar Neoplasms / surgery
  • Cerebellar Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Craniospinal Irradiation
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Europe / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Medulloblastoma / mortality
  • Medulloblastoma / pathology
  • Medulloblastoma / surgery
  • Medulloblastoma / therapy*
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Vincristine / administration & dosage
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Vincristine
  • Cisplatin