An Interdisciplinary Academic Detailing Approach to Decrease Inappropriate Medication Prescribing by Physician Residents for Older Veterans Treated in the Emergency Department

J Pharm Pract. 2019 Apr;32(2):167-174. doi: 10.1177/0897190017747424. Epub 2017 Dec 25.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the impact of an academic detailing intervention delivered as part of a quality improvement project by a physician-pharmacist pair on (1) self-reported confidence in prescribing for older adults and (2) rates of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) prescribed to older adults by physician residents in a Veteran Affairs emergency department (ED).

Methods: This quality improvement project at a single site utilized a questionnaire that assessed knowledge of Beers Criteria, self-perceived barriers to appropriate prescribing in older adults, and self-rated confidence in ability to prescribe in older adults which was administered to physician residents before and after academic detailing delivered during their emergency medicine rotation. PIM rates in the resident cohort who received the academic detailing were compared to residents who did not receive the intervention.

Results: Sixty-three residents received the intervention between February 2013 and December 2014. At baseline, approximately 50% of the residents surveyed reported never hearing about nor using the Beers Criteria. A significantly greater proportion of residents agreed or strongly agreed in their abilities to identify drug-disease interactions and to prescribe the appropriate medication for the older adult after receiving the intervention. The resident cohort who received the educational intervention was less likely to prescribe a PIM when compared to the untrained resident cohort with a rate ratio of 0.73 ( P < .0001).

Conclusion: Academic detailing led by a physician-pharmacist pair resulted in improved confidence in physician residents' ability to prescribe safely in an older adult ED population and was associated with a statistically significant decrease in PIM rates.

Keywords: academic detailing; elderly; potentially inappropriate medications.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Clinical Competence
  • Drug Prescriptions / statistics & numerical data
  • Education, Medical / methods*
  • Education, Medical / standards
  • Emergency Medicine / statistics & numerical data
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data
  • Health Services for the Aged / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Inappropriate Prescribing / prevention & control*
  • Inappropriate Prescribing / statistics & numerical data*
  • Internship and Residency / standards
  • Internship and Residency / statistics & numerical data
  • Interprofessional Relations
  • Physicians / statistics & numerical data
  • Potentially Inappropriate Medication List
  • Quality Improvement
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United States
  • United States Department of Veterans Affairs
  • Veterans